Unit 3: Genetics   Animations Extras  Study Guide


Chapter 13 9 Review Notes Point
  1. In asexual   reproduction, one parent produces genetically identical offspring _mov_13,2 by binary   fission or by mitosis  .
     
  2. In sexual   reproduction, two parents produce offspring that have unique combinations of genes   inherited from each parent.
     
  3. Genes are located on chromosomes, which can be visualized under the light microscope to create a karyotype  .
     
  4. Gametes   are haploid   sex cells that are produced in organs called gonads   by meiosis.
     
    Asexual and Sexual Life Cycles and Meiosis Overview:
     
  5. Since meiosis reduces the number of chromosome sets from diploid   to haploid  , two cellular _ANI_13,2 divisions are required, preceded by a single interphase  .
     
    • Meiosis I is the chromosome reduction   division.
       
    • Meiosis _ANI_13,1 II then produces four   haploid daughter cells.
     
    Review: Meiosis Animation
     
    Summary: difference between mitosis and meiosis.
     
  6. Sexual reproduction produces genetic variation   by several mechanisms: independent assortment  , crossing over  , and random fertilization.
     
    Review: Genetic Variation